The Harmful Health Effects of Recreational Ecstasy a Systematic Review of Observational Evidence

The list below provides the references to the research studies discussed in Learn About MDMA. The references are arranged co-ordinate to the relevant department where the inquiry is mentioned. Within each section, pertinent sentences are listed in the order they appear in the information canvas. Links to the studies are included if available online. Materials not bachelor online may be accessed through your local library.

What is MDMA?

MDMA was commencement synthesized in 1912 by a pharmaceutical company:

Freudenmann, R. W., Oxler, F., & Bernschneider-Reif, S. (2006). The origin of MDMA (ecstasy) revisited: The true story reconstructed from the original documents. Habit, xone(9), 1241–five.

Superlative

Why do we utilize MDMA?

Only about 6% of BC residents have tried MDMA:

Zhao, J., Vallance, K., Martin, Grand., Macdonald, S., & Stockwell, T. (2014). Prevalence of Substance Use in Lifetime, Past Year and Past thirty days in British Columbia and Other Provinces of Canada from 2008 to 2012(ii). world wide web.uvic.ca/inquiry/centres/carbc/assets/docs/aod/gp-prevalence-written report-cocaine-ecstasy-heroin.pdf

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What happens when we use MDMA?

But combining MDMA with dancing in a hot room may pb to a dangerous increase in body temperature and loss of torso fluid:

Rogers, G., Elston, J., Garside, R., Roome, C., Taylor, R., Younger, P., et al. (2009). The harmful wellness effects of recreational ecstasy: A systematic review of observational evidence. Wellness Technlogy Cess, 13(6), 1–315.

Gowing, L. R., Henry-Edwards, Due south. K., Irvine, R. J., & Ali, R. L. (2002). The health furnishings of ecstasy: A literature review. Drug and Alcohol Review, 21(1), 53–63.

MDMA use is associated with negative furnishings on retentivity:

Murphy, P. North., Bruno, R., Ryland, I., Wareing, M., Fisk, J. Due east., Montgomery, C., & Hilton, J. (2012). The furnishings of "ecstasy " (MDMA) on visuospatial retentiveness performance: Findings from a systematic review with meta-analyses. Man Psychopharmacology, 27, 113–138.

Nulsen, C. E., Fob, A. Thousand., & Hammond, Thou. R. (2010). Differential effects of ecstasy on short-term and working memory: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychology Review, 20(one), 21–32.

Rogers, G., Elston, J., Garside, R., Roome, C., Taylor, R., Younger, P., et al. (2009). The harmful health effects of recreational ecstasy: A systematic review of observational prove. Wellness Technlogy Assessment, 13(6), ane–315.

Laws, M. R., & Kokkalis, J. (2007). Ecstasy (MDMA) and memory office: A meta-analytic update.Human Psychopharmacology, 22(Apr), 381–388.

Zakzanis, K. 1000., Campbell, Z., & Jovanovski, D. (2007). The neuropsychology of ecstasy (MDMA) use: A quantitative review. Human Psychopharmacology, 22(July), 427–435.

Inquiry suggests a link between MDMA employ and low:

Rogers, G., Elston, J., Garside, R., Roome, C., Taylor, R., Younger, P., et al. (2009). The harmful health effects of recreational ecstasy: A systematic review of observational evidence. Health Technlogy Cess, 13(6), ane–315.

Guillot, C. (2007). Is recreational ecstasy (MDMA) apply associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms? Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 39(i), 31–ix.

Sumnall, H. R., & Cole, J. C. (2005). Self-reported depressive symptomatology in customs samples of polysubstance misusers who study ecstasy use: A meta-analysis. Periodical of Psychopharmacology, 19(i), 84–92.

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When is using MDMA a problem?

I consequence that can develop is tolerance:

Parrott, A. C. (2005). Chronic tolerance to recreational MDMA (3,four-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) or ecstasy. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 19(1), 71–83.

While most people who apply MDMA practice not become dependent on the drug:

Degenhardt, 50., Bruno, R., & Topp, L. (2010). Is ecstasy a drug of dependence? Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 107(1), 1–10.

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How to make healthier choices virtually MDMA

A testing kit can provide some data:

Camilleri, A. K., & Caldicott, D. (2005). Surreptitious pill testing, down under. Forensic Scientific discipline International, 151(i), 53–eight.

Laboratory tests, on the other paw, tin can provide more precise information:

Kriener, H., Billeth, R., Gollner, C., Lachout, Southward., & Neubauer, P. (2001). An Inventory of On-site Pill-testing Interventions in the European union. www.emcdda.europa.eu/attachements.cfm/att_2878_EN_pill_testing_report.pdf

Murray, R. A., Doering, P. L., Boothby, L. A., Pharm, D., Merves, M. L., Mccusker, R. R., et al. (2003). Putting an ecstasy test kit to the test: Damage reduction or harm induction. Pharmacotherapy, 23(10), 1238–44.

Winstock, a R., Wolff, K., & Ramsey, J. (2001). Ecstasy pill testing: Impairment minimization gone too far? Habit, 96(8), 1139–48.

About the author

The Canadian Found for Substance Use Enquiry, formerly CARBC, is a member of the BC Partners for Mental Health and Substance Use Information. The institute is dedicated to the written report of substance use in support of community-wide efforts aimed at providing all people with access to healthier lives, whether using substances or not. For more, visit www.cisur.ca.

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Source: https://www.heretohelp.bc.ca/infosheet/learn-about-mdma-reference-list

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